Overview

This module implements a single low frequency oscillator. It is essentially one half of the Dual Lfo module. LFO's are a staple of any electronic synthesizer. They generate simple waveforms that repeat at relatively slow rates. and are great for adding slow parameter sweeps to effects, vibrato or other effects to your project. This module has a built-in Param Mod feature that makes it easy to apply the output of the LFO to any other module parameter.

The LFO can generate any of five waveforms: Sine, Square, Sawtooth, Triangle, and Sample & Hold. These basic waveforms can be also modified by several parameters to give them some variety, including Pulse Width, Starting Phase, Hard Sync, Rectify and Invert.

Control over the frequency of the LFO is designed to be music-friendly. There is a choice of four different units of measurement: Hertz, sixteenth notes, beats and bars. For each of those choices the frequency (or period, as appropriate), can be set to a value from 1 to 100.

The output for this module can be monitored using the built-in scope. The vertical range of this scope is fixed at [-1, +1].

Integrated Parameter Modulation

Like the Modulation Seq and LFO modules, this module has a built-in Parameter Modulation section, so it can be used to modulate other module's parameters directly. This is Numerology's primary mode of automation, and is a very powerful way to add animation to a composition.

Setup is very simple:

• Open the advanced settings panel for the module by clicking on the little triangle icon in the lower-left corner of the module.
• Un-mute the ParamMod section.
• Choose the target module you would like to modify.
• Choose the target parameter for that module.
• Some parameters are indexed, such as sequencer steps. If you choose such a parameter, you also need to choose which indexed item to modify.

When you choose a target parameter, the output range for the module will be adjusted to match the legal value range for the target parameter. You may want to then further adjust the output range to get specific results.

Parameters

Mutes the output of the LFO. This is a true mute, not an on/off switch, so the LFO keeps running when muted.

Resets the LFO to its starting phase value.

Chooses the waveform used by the LFO. To emulate a ramp, invert the saw wave.

Sets the base unit used to set the frequency of the LFO.

For a Hertz base unit, this sets the frequency of the LFO from 1 to 100 Hz. For a music-based time period (1/16, beat, bar) this sets the period of the waveform -- the amount of time before it repeats.

Scales the output level of the LFO

Controls the ratio of the amount of time a waveform spends above 0, vs. the amount it spends below zero. This works for all waveforms, and is a good way to vary the shape of a waveform.

Sets the starting phase of the waveform in degrees (0-360). This param allows you to have a waveform start at some value other than the default, which is 0 for all waveforms except the sawtooth.

This param works just like it does for sequencers: it resets the waveform every X beats. Very handy for getting complex waveforms to repeat at regular intervals.

This performs an absolute value operation on the LFO output, so all negative values are moved to positive values.

Inverts the output of the LFO.

Advanced Parameters

These parameters are accessible by opening the Advanced Settings panel of the module, just click on the little triangle icon in the lower-left corner of the module.

This determines whether the LFO runs automatically or manually. When set to "auto", it will run when the master clock runs, when set to "Manual", you have to start and stop the LFO manually using its Play/Stop controls.

Sets the minimum value the LFO will output.

Sets the maximum value the LFO will output.

Mutes the sending of ParamMod events from this module.

Sets the target module you wish to modify.

Sets the target parameter of the module to modify.

Some parameters are indexed, which means that for one parameter name, there may be multiple values that can be modified. Set the index of the value you want to modify here.

This read-only parameter shows what value is being set on the target parameter.

This sets the maximum rate of param-mod changes. Lower rates use less CPU overhead, but may be too coarse for the results you are looking for.

Ports

This is the clock input for the module, it must be set or the LFO will not run.

This is CV output for the LFO signal.